Proyectos

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]El proyecto consiste en realizar talleres de apreciación y creación cinematográficos dirigidos a profesoras y profesores de enseñanza general básica a cargo de las asignaturas de artes visuales, música, lenguaje e Historia y a especialistas del área de música y artes de la escuela de cultura y difusión artística. Esto con el propósito de aplicar lo aprendido en el aula con profesorado y estudiantes de cursos de 6° a 8° básico de las escuelas beneficiadas. Los talleres se relacionan con objetivos de aprendizaje de cada una de las asignaturas participantes, de modo de conectar los conocimientos y experimentación cinematográfica con los aprendizajes escolares esperados, facilitando así su aplicación. Los talleres se realizarán una vez por semana en dependencias de la Escuela de Cultura y Difusión Artística, tendrán una duración de tres horas. Se destinarán 4 meses para la capacitación teórico práctica y tres meses para acompañar la puesta en práctica de la unidad planificada en los cursos de los distintos establecimientos y posteriormente evaluar los resultados y realizar una muestra de los trabajos realizados.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Hypotheses: 1) There is a significant relationship between a) dimensions of reading motivation, b) strategies to teach reading, and c) reading performance of adolescent students. 2) Teachers whom foster reading motivation have a repertoire of teaching strategies directly associated with it. In sum, the general objective of this proposal is to analyze the relationship between reading competence, intrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy perception, and to analyze the characteristics of the didactic strategies that can promote the motivation associated with reading.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

El objetivo general del proyecto en sus tres líneas de investigación con animales es comprobar la existencia de diferencias sexuales en tres paradigmas de condicionamiento clásico, a saber, aversión condicionada al sabor, condicionamiento del miedo y aprendizaje apetitivo. Se utilizarán estos tres paradigmas a fin de establecer si el potencial dimorfismo sexual (para el que existen algunas recientes evidencias) se refiere a mecanismos de aprendizaje o a la manifestación conductual del aprendizaje. Además de responder a esta importante pregunta de investigación, dilucidar la existencia de dimorfismo en cada uno de estos paradigmas es relevante en si mismo y tiene importantes implicaciones clínicas en lo que respecta al comportamiento alimentarios, la etiología y tratamiento de problemas de salud mental relacionados con el miedo y la ansiedad, entre otros.

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Hypotheses: 1) There is a significant relationship between a) dimensions of reading motivation, b) strategies to teach reading, and c) reading performance of adolescent students. 2) Teachers whom foster reading motivation have a repertoire of teaching strategies directly associated with it. In sum, the general objective of this proposal is to analyze the relationship between reading competence, intrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy perception, and to analyze the characteristics of the didactic strategies that can promote the motivation associated with reading.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]El objetivo general del proyecto en sus tres líneas de investigación con animales es comprobar la existencia de diferencias sexuales en tres paradigmas de condicionamiento clásico, a saber, aversión condicionada al sabor, condicionamiento del miedo y aprendizaje apetitivo. Se utilizarán estos tres paradigmas a fin de establecer si el potencial dimorfismo sexual (para el que existen algunas recientes evidencias) se refiere a mecanismos de aprendizaje o a la manifestación conductual del aprendizaje. Además de responder a esta importante pregunta de investigación, dilucidar la existencia de dimorfismo en cada uno de estos paradigmas es relevante en si mismo y tiene importantes implicaciones clínicas en lo que respecta al comportamiento alimentarios, la etiología y tratamiento de problemas de salud mental relacionados con el miedo y la ansiedad, entre otros.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Hypotheses: 1) There is a significant relationship between a) dimensions of reading motivation, b) strategies to teach reading, and c) reading performance of adolescent students. 2) Teachers whom foster reading motivation have a repertoire of teaching strategies directly associated with it. In sum, the general objective of this proposal is to analyze the relationship between reading competence, intrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy perception, and to analyze the characteristics of the didactic strategies that can promote the motivation associated with reading.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]El presente proyecto propone estudiar cómo los dispositivos de práctica reflexiva, presentes en la formación inicial docente (FID), contribuyen a la elaboración de juicios profesionales de los profesores en formación (PF). Para ello, se formula una propuesta que moviliza la noción de “dispositivo” para problematizar de modo articulado componentes que han sido estudiados de manera disociada por la investigación especializada (programas de formación y herramientas que incitan la práctica reflexiva; acompañamiento y co-contrucción de la práctica reflexiva; los modelos profesionales y la identidad profesional derivados de la práctica reflexiva), así como la noción de juicios profesionales que entiende la práctica reflexiva como un proceso de toma de decisiones o de posicionamiento profesional contextualizado (realizado desde un lugar, en un momento), multinivel (en términos de dónde se sitúa el objeto de la práctica reflexiva y las estrategias, saberes profesionales y finalidades asociadas), multiactor (el PF que desarrolla su práctica reflexiva, el formador que la acompaña o el par que la co-construye) y que implica en su elaboración y ejercicio importantes elementos identitarios.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]This research project aims to answer the following question: How is people’s perception of noise related to the socioeconomic, urban, and environmental characteristics of their neighborhoods in the (post)pandemic context? This project seeks to contribute to noise and urban knowledge from an interdisciplinary approach at the intersection between geography, sociology, urban planning and acoustic engineering. It is thus articulated around four specific objectives (SO): SO1) to analyze the relationship between noise complaints and demographic, socioeconomic, urban and environmental variables in 6 municipalities of Santiago; SO2) characterize noise annoyance and strategies adopted by the inhabitants of 6 socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods with different exposure to noise; SO3) to evaluate the soundscapes of 6 neighborhoods; SO4) To propose guidelines for integrating the perception of noise in public policies related to noise and in urban planning.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]Retinal vascular diseases are major causes of vision loss in the United States and around the world. To better treat these disorders, we need to understand the signaling pathways that control the growth and integrity of retinal blood vessels. Our recent publications and preliminary data detail a novel angiogenic signaling system centered around heme, a co-factor critical for oxygen transport, metabolism, and gene transcription. We found that heme promotes angiogenic growth in the retina by regulating tip/stalk selection, and that reduced heme production or import leads to reduced retinal vascularization and tissue hypoxia, similar to other retinal vasculopathies including retinopathy of prematurity, choroidal neovascularization, and the rare but important exudative vitreoretinopathies. Furthermore, we found that VEGF suppresses, while Norrin-bCatenin promotes, the expression of the obligate endothelial heme importer, Flvcr2. Based on these data, we hypothesize that heme, is involved in retinal angiogenesis and retinal vasculopathies. The Specific Aims of this proposal are to (1) determine how heme intersects with Notch signaling to control angiogenic tip/stalk selection, (2) characterize the role for Flvcr2/heme in VEGF-induced angiogenic proliferation and neo-vascularization, and (3) determine whether induction of Flvcr2/heme signaling is sufficient and necessary to reverse the vascular defects and downstream vision changes observed in mouse models of exudative vitreoretinopathy. To accomplish these aims, we developed new tools to directly manipulate heme in cultured retinal endothelial cells and assess heme transport and intracellular trafficking in vitro. We also generated new conditional knock-in and knock-out alleles to manipulate endothelial heme transport in vivo. Our studies will fundamentally impact our understanding of how endothelial heme levels are controlled, and the role of heme in retinal angiogenesis and vascular disease.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]

[vc_section el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center circle--pattern" css=".vc_custom_1648956589196{padding-top: 3rem !important;}"][vc_row el_class="pb-5"][vc_column][vc_wp_custommenu nav_menu="6"][uoh_breadcrumb_component automatic_breadcrumb="true"][uoh_title_component title_dropdown="big" title_decorator="true"]{{title}}[/uoh_title_component][vc_column_text css=""]One goal is to enhance the methods being currently developed by Espı́ndola (Physics), Krause (Physiology), and Xavier (Biomedical Engineering) for reconstructing capillary networks with ultrasound. The super-resolution is needed for early detection diseases such as cognitive decline, cancer, or liver fibrosis. They perfuse lipid-encapsulated microbubbles as contrast agents and then localize the bubbles in the ultrasound images with the singular value filter. However, that method leaves a non-negligible percentage of bubbles undetected. Here we propose to complement the singular value filter for the detection and tracking of microbubbles with the sophisticated and mathematically sound Mumford-Shah method for image contour detection, which stems from the conceptually-insightful and numerically-robust perspective of the minimization of energies. In the reconstruction of the capillary network from ultrasound, it is impossible to directly distinguish the microbubbles, or even the blood vessels, in each frame separately, due to the attentuation and degradation in this imaging technique. It is essential to take into account the dynamic nature of the problem, distinguishing the slowly-varying signals emitted by the tissue from those emitted by the microbubbles, which flow rapidly, behave nonlinearly, and have a much shorter coherence length. We therefore propose to regard the collection of two-dimensional frames as a single three-dimensional image, where a moving bubble becomes a tubular neighbourhood of a filament, which the Mumford-Shah model is expected to recover. From these filaments, bubbles can be detected and tracked, and the vertical inclinations of theses filaments will yield the microbubbles velocities. From the velocity profiles it is possible to estimate the shear wall stresses (their ‘tangential elastic rigidities’) of the blood vessels, and anomalies in these stresses are commonly good indicators of the presence of specific diseases. A fortunate encounter between mathematics and mechanics led to the observation that the problem of finding the path that the propagation of a crack will follow inside a structure upon loading could be solved with the mathematical theory (the analysis of free-discontinuity problems) developed for the apparently unrelated image segmentation Mumford-Shah model. The variational fracture theory initiated by Francfort and Marigo is by now (20 years after) very well established. The second goal of this proposal is to further develop the ongoing collaboration between Song (Pharmaceutics), Siegel (Pharmaceutics), Sánchez (Numerical analysis), Calderer (Applied mathematics), and the PI on the study of the debonding of polymer gels from rigid substrates (relevant in the design of the synthetic polymers coating the metallic parts of pacemakers and other medical prostheses) from this variational fracture theory perspective. The third main goal is to apply the mathematical analysis of free-discontinuity problems to the modelling of the evolution of the cavity in the block caving technique in underground rock mining. This has been pursued by Ortega, Lecaros, and coworkers from the side of applied mathematics in academia, in collaboration with Gaete from the Geomechanics Research Department at El Teniente, research group to which Gutiérrez and the PI have joined in the last months. We propose to study the seismic activity induced by the fracture of the rock mass due to gravity, following the works in the last decade within the variational fracture theory that incorporate the inertia effects. The final aim is to optimize the injection of water jets for the aminoration of the seismic events near the operation sites. The three research lines are applications of the phase-field regularization by Ambrosio and Tortorelli of the Mumford-Shah free-discontinuity model, a different variant being required in each of the three contexts. The first stage of the implementation is of mathematical modelling and high-level numerical simulation abilities, in which the intuition and first-hand knowledge from the members of the research team that are experts in vascular function, ultrasound imaging, polymer chemistry, and mining geomechanics is translated into particular mathematical concepts and concrete computational methods. This is followed by a stage of calibration and validation, where the full interplay with experiments is required. The product of a robust and validated computational method will constitute then an advancement in the capabilities, available resources, and understanding in each of the applied disciplines.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649209804184{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center p-md-0 pt-5"][vc_column el_class="p-0"][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section][vc_section css=".vc_custom_1649210787516{background-color: #f6faff !important;}" el_class="p-md-0 pt-md-5 pb-md-5"][vc_row el_class="container mx-auto align-items-center"][vc_column][/vc_column][/vc_row][/vc_section]